What Is Diabetes And Types Of Diabetes?

 Diabetes occurs when body cannot control the blood sugar level properly due to the insulin produced by the pancreas is not sufficient. Diabetes means high rate of sugar in the blood. Diabetes is a metabolism disorder. Metabolism is how or the way our body uses the digested food for growth and energy. The food that we eat breaks down and turns to form glucose. The form of sugar in our blood is glucose, which is the main source of energy. Glucose is used by cells for growth and energy. For this insulin is required which should be present in the body. Insulin is a hormone, which is produced by the pancreas. The pancreas is an organ that lies just below the stomach. The function of the pancreas is to produce the correct amount of insulin. However in some people the pancreas produce too little insulin and sometimes no insulin or the cells do not respond properly to the insulin produced. If there is insufficient insulin for the necessity of the body, sugar accumulates in large amount and comes out through urine. The sugar in the form of glucose in our body is not able to give proper energy to the body. The people suffering from diabetes become weak and lose weight. They feel thirsty and drink plenty of water, pass urine frequently. Some time under stress, our body produces hormones that make blood sugar rise. Insulin resistance is caused by chronic stress in people. There are three types of diabetes. Type1, type2, and gestational diabetes. 

Role of pancreas in diabetes.

The pancreas produces very less insulin in type1 diabetes, which is known as the insulin dependent or the juvenile diabetes. It is mostly found in young people under the age of forty. In this type of diabetes the immune system in the body destroys the insulin producing cells in the pancreas thus the pancreas produce very little or no insulin. Type1 diabetic patient should take insulin regularly. Some people have low immune system for which the pancreas does not function properly, and produces less insulin in the body. Some scientists say that type1 diabetes occurs as a result of a viral infection that damages the pancreas, which is then unable to produce sufficient amount of insulin. The body may be insulin resistant, in such case the cells are unable to respond to normal levels of insulin. In some cases the family history also counts.

Type2 diabetes is a very common form of diabetes in the world. Out of all diabetes patients, ninety percent of the diabetes patients are type2 diabetic. This type of diabetes usually occurs to older people, physically inactive people, obese or over weight, and family history of diabetes in the patients. In this type of diabetes, the insulin produced in the body does not work effectively for any reason or the cell in the body does not react to insulin produced by the pancreas. Instead of the sugar helping the cells of the body it goes into the blood. The people having visceral fat or central obesity or the abdominal obesity have more chance of developing this type of diabetes.

How to maintain a healthy lifestyle?

Indiscipline life style and imbalanced diet is another reason for type2 diabetes. Inactive people having more sitting jobs usually gain weight. This is not good for a healthy body; there is more chance of getting diabetes. As we grow old gradually we become less active, if we keep ourselves active by doing house work and exercise, there is less chance of getting type2 diabetes. Going for morning walk and evening walk is good for people having diabetes. People eating refined carbohydrates like white bread, pasta and white rice is not good, sugary food or snacks are more prone to have type2 diabetes. People eating less nutritious, high fat contain food and more sugary foods have a high risk in getting diabetes. So the best way to prevent diabetes is to follow a strict diet plan.

Gestational diabetes is another form of diabetes, which occurs only to pregnant woman. This usually develops during the second or third trimester of pregnancy. In some cases of pregnancy the body does not produce enough insulin to meet the extra demand in this period. Although the sugar level in the blood becomes normal after the delivery but these women have a high risk of getting type2 diabetes in future. Gestational diabetes occurs to women with history of diabetes. Women having this type of diabetes do not have any systems. Some scientists believe that the women who have taken more animal fat earlier have the risk of getting gestational diabetes.

Diabetes has no cure. Diabetic patients should be always careful about their diet and exercise. Balanced diet and disciplined life style with regular exercise can keep the blood sugar level in correct range.